دانشگاه اصفهان پژوهش نامه روانشناسی مثبت 2476-4248 11 3 2025 11 22 The Effect of Cognitive-Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy on Mental Pain and Forgiveness in Women with Depression, Who Experienced a Romantic Relationship Breakup اثربخشی روان‌درمانی تحلیل شناختی-رفتاری بر درد ذهنی و بخشش زنان دچار افسردگی هم‌بود با شکست عاطفی 45 64 30472 10.22108/ppls.2026.147767.2694 FA نجمه حمید استاد، گروه روانشناسی، دانشکدۀ علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران بهناز ارتضایی دکتری روانشناسی، گروه روانشناسی، دانشکدۀ علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران عبدالکاظم نیسی استاد، گروه روانشناسی ب، دانشکدۀ علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران ایران داودی استادیار، گروه روانشناسی، دانشکدۀ علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران Journal Article 2025 12 13 The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of cognitive behavioral analysis psychotherapy on subjective pain and forgiveness in women with depression who had experienced romantic relationship breakup. In this study, a semi-experimental, pre-test-post-test design with a control group with a three-month follow-up was employed. The target population for this study consisted of women aged 18 to 35 years in Isfahan during 1400 in the Iranian calendar (2021–2022) who had experienced a romantic relationship breakup and were experiencing depression. A total of 30 participants were selected through convenience sampling and randomly assigned to either the experimental group or the control group. The experimental group received cognitive behavioral analysis psychotherapy sessions, but the control group did not receive any intervention during this period. To collect data, a structured clinical interview for axis one disorders, the Love Trauma Syndrome Questionnaire, the Beck Depression Inventory, the Second Edition, the Forgiveness Scale, and the subjective pain questionnaire were used. The subjects answered the questionnaires in three stages: pre-test, post-test, and three-month follow-up. The data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance. The results showed that cognitive behavioral psychotherapy had a significant effect on subjective pain and forgiveness at the post-test stage, and these changes were maintained at the three-month follow-up. This treatment method can be used to enhance the emotional health of women with depression and romantic relationship breakup. <strong>Introduction</strong> Love trauma syndrome is introduced as a stressful event that can aggravate the symptoms of emotional disorders. Rosse (2007) has introduced the syndrome of love trauma syndromes as a set of symptoms that appear after the collapse of a romantic relationship. The syndrome disrupts the individual's functioning, leads to maladaptive responses, and includes four features: arousal; avoidance and automatic reminders; and emotional indifference. One of the consequences of love trauma is sensitivity to mental pain. Studies show that high sensitivity to mental pain is related to maladaptive behaviors, including unwillingness to experience and accept events. Ranter et al. (2012) believed that forgiveness is a coping strategy against negative emotions which makes people mix their previous assumptions and find a new understanding of the consequences of mistakes. The results of this research can increase the quality of interventions and preparation of treatment protocols in this field plus preventing the problems of people involved with love trauma syndromes. Cognitive-Behavioral Analysis System of psychotherapy can be considered an effective intervention in the treatment of depression with love trauma syndrome considering that a depressive disorder requires clinical attention and considers love trauma syndrome as a triggering factor in depression. <strong> </strong> <strong>Methods</strong> The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of cognitive behavioral analysis psychotherapy on subjective pain and forgiveness in women with depression who had experienced romantic relationship breakup. In this study a semi-experimental pretest-posttest design with a control group and a three-month follow-up was employed. The statistical population of this study consisted of all women aged 18 to 35 years with romantic relationship breakup and depression in Isfahan in 1400. Thirty subjects were selected via available sampling and were randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. The experimental group received cognitive behavioral analysis psychotherapy sessions, but the control group did not receive any intervention during this period. To collect data, a structured clinical interview for axis one disorders, the Love Trauma Syndrome Questionnaire, the Beck Depression Inventory, the Second Edition, the Forgiveness Scale, and the Subjective Pain Questionnaire were used. The subjects answered the questionnaires in three stages: pretest, posttest, and three-month follow-up. The data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance.     <strong>Results</strong> The sample consisted of 30 women. The mean and standard deviation of the age of the control group and the experimental group were 26.44±5.34 and 27.38±4.63 accordingly. The mean scores of subjective pain variables, experiential avoidance, and forgiveness in two experimental (Cognitive-Behavioral Analysis System of psychotherapy) and control groups have a significant difference (<em>p</em><0.001). The results of the follow-up test to compare the experimental and the control groups in the research stages in the research variables show that there is a significant difference between the control group and experimental group in the post-test stages as well as the follow-up in all three variables of mental pain and forgiveness.   <strong> </strong> <strong>Discussion</strong> The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Cognitive-Behavioral Analysis System of psychotherapy on mental pain and forgiveness in women suffering from comorbid depression with love trauma syndrome in Isfahan City. The available sampling method, the use of self-report tools, the lack of examination of cultural and social variables, and the implementation of research exclusively in women's society besides not paying attention to the type and quality of the lost emotional relationship were among the limitations of the research. It is suggested to use qualitative measurement tools focusing on physical and emotional symptoms in future research. <strong><em> </em></strong> <strong>Ethical Consideration</strong> <strong>Compliance with Ethical Guidelines                  </strong> Prior to the start of the research, participants were<strong> </strong>made aware of the research objective. It was<strong> </strong>announced to the participants that they could withdraw from the study at any time if they wished. They were also assured that their identity information would remain confidential. This research did not have any conflicts with the religious and cultural norms of the society. This research has also been approved by the Ethics Committee of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz with the ethics code Scu.ac.ir EE/99.3.02.63784/  <strong>Authors’ Contributions</strong> The first and second authors were responsible for data collection, statistical analysis, and writing the initial draft under the supervision of the advisor (the first author)              <strong>Conflict of Interest</strong> In the disclosures of this article, there are no conflicts of interest among the authors    <strong>Funding</strong> The present research did not receive any financial support from any organization. <strong>Acknowledgment</strong><strong> </strong> The authors would like to express gratitude to all the peoples who participated in this research.   هدف از اجرای این پژوهش اثربخشی روان‌درمانی تحلیل شناختی‌-رفتاری بر درد ذهنی و بخشش زنان مبتلا به افسردگی دارای تجربۀ شکست عاطفی بود. در این پژوهش از طرح نیمه‌آزمایشی پیش‌آزمون-پس‌آزمون با گروه گواه با پیگیری سه‌ماهه استفاده شد. جامعۀ آماری این پژوهش را کلیۀ زنان دارای تجربۀ شکست عاطفی و افسردگی 18 تا 35 سالۀ شهر اصفهان در سال 1400 تشکیل دادند که از این میان، 30 آزمودنی به صورت در دسترس انتخاب و به صورت تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایش و گروه گواه جایگزین شدند. گروه‌ آزمایش جلسات روان‌درمانی تحلیل شناختی-رفتاری را دریافت کردند، اما گروه گواه در این مدت مداخله‌ای دریافت نکردند. برای جمع‌آوری اطلاعات از مصاحبۀ بالینی ساختاریافته برای اختلالات محور یک، پرسشنامۀ نشانگان ضربۀ عشق، پرسشنامۀ افسردگی بک ویرایش دوم، مقیاس بخشش و پرسشنامۀ درد ذهنی استفاده شد. آزمودنی‌ها در سه مرحلۀ پیش‌آزمون، پس‌آزمون و پیگیری سه‌ماهه به پرسشنامه‌ها پاسخ دادند. داده­ها با استفاده از روش تحلیل کوواریانس چندمتغیره تحلیل شد. نتایج نشان داد روان‌درمانی تحلیل شناختی-رفتاری بر درد ذهنی و بخشش در مرحلۀ پس‌آزمون تأثیری معنا‌داری دارد و این تغییرات در پیگیری سه‌ماهه نیز محفوظ مانده است. از این روش درمانی می‌توان برای تقویت سلامت عاطفی زنان دچار افسردگی هم‌بود با شکست عاطفی سود جست.   https://ppls.ui.ac.ir/article_30472_21d037892168a4513e3caec1efb36b5c.pdf